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Only three sons – Balaram, Anandrao and Bhimrao – and two daughters – Manjula and Tulasa – of the Ambedkars would go on to survive them. The children were cared for by their paternal aunt, and lived in difficult circumstances. Shortly after their move, Ambedkar's mother died. Ramji Sakpal retired in 1894 and the family moved to Satara two years later. This task was usually performed for the young Ambedkar by the school peon, and if the peon was not available then he had to go without water, Ambedkar states this situation as "No peon, No Water".
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Even if they needed to drink water somebody from a higher caste would have to pour that water from a height as they were not allowed to touch either the water or the vessel that contained it. They were not allowed to sit inside the class. Although able to attend school, Ambedkar and other untouchable children were segregated and given no attention or assistance by the teachers. He used his position in the army to lobby for his children to study at the government school, as they faced resistance owing to their caste.
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He had received a degree of formal education in Marathi and English, and encouraged his children to learn and work hard at school.īelonging to the Kabir Panth, Ramji Sakpal encouraged his children to read the Hindu classics. Ambedkar's ancestors had for long been in the employment of the army of the British East India Company, and, his father Ramji Sakpal served in the Indian Army at the Mhow cantonment. They belonged to the Mahar caste, who were treated as untouchables and subjected to intense socio-economic discrimination. His family was of Marathi background from the town of Ambavade (Mandangad taluka) in the Ratnagiri district of modern-day Maharashtra. He was the 14th and last child of Ramji Maloji Sakpal and Bhimabai. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar seen as a young manĪmbedkar was born in the British-founded town and military cantonment of Mhow in the Central Provinces (now in Madhya Pradesh). O 14.1 Theorized Mahar bias by Dalit leadersĭr. * 8 Role in drafting India's Constitution He is regarded as a Bodhisattva by some Indian Buddhists, though he never claimed himself to be a Bodhisattva. Eventually earning law degrees and multiple doctorates for his study and research in law, economics and political science from Columbia University and the London School of Economics, Ambedkar gained a reputation as a scholar and practiced law for a few years, later campaigning by publishing journals advocating political rights and social freedom for India's so-called untouchables. Overcoming numerous social and financial obstacles, Ambedkar became one of the first outcastes to obtain a college education in India.
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Ambedkar was posthumously awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in 1990. He converted to Buddhism and is also credited with providing a spark for the conversion of hundreds of thousands of untouchables to Theravada Buddhism. Born into a poor Mahar (considered an Untouchable caste) family, Ambedkar spent his whole life fighting against social discrimination, the system of Chaturvarna – the categorization of Hindu society into four varnas – and the Hindu caste system. He was also the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Marathi: डॉ.भीमराव रामजी आंबेडकर 14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956), popularly also known as Babasaheb, was an Indian jurist, political leader, philosopher, anthropologist, historian, orator, economist, and editor.